Glaucoma following penetrating ocular trauma: a cohort study of the United States Eye Injury Registry.

PURPOSE To evaluate associations between baseline structural and functional ocular characteristics and the risk of developing posttraumatic glaucoma after penetrating ocular injury. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Data from the United States Eye Injury Registry (USEIR) were obtained from a total of 3,627 patients who experienced penetrating ocular injury. The risk of posttraumatic glaucoma and associated structural and functional ocular risk factors was estimated. RESULTS The risk of developing posttraumatic glaucoma was 2.67%. The development of glaucoma was independently associated with several baseline characteristics including advancing age (relative risk 1.02/yr 95% confidence interval [1.00, 1.03]), lens injury (1.56 [1.03, 2.35]), poor baseline visual acuity (2.59 [1.62, 4.14]), and inflammation (3.02 [1.52, 6.02]). CONCLUSIONS This study provides an estimate for the risk of developing glaucoma after penetrating ocular injury in a large cohort of patients and determined several factors that are significantly associated with the development of post-traumatic glaucoma, including advancing age, lens injury, poor visual acuity, and intraocular inflammation.